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The identification of a container transporting hazardous materials is clearly designated by a diamond-shaped hazardous material placard. This specific shape and format are standardized to ensure immediate recognition and clarity in communication regarding the nature of the materials being transported. The diamond shape allows for the use of contrasting colors and symbols that indicate specific hazards, such as flammable, toxic, or corrosive materials, ensuring that anyone interacting with or in proximity to the container understands the potential risks involved.

While other shapes like circular or triangular signs have their own intentions and meanings—circular signs often denote regulatory or informational content, while triangular signs can indicate caution or warnings—they do not serve the same specific function as the diamond-shaped placard in terms of classifying hazardous materials. Rectangular emergency exit signs, on the other hand, are designed for completely different purposes related to safety in emergencies and do not convey information about hazardous contents. Hence, the diamond-shaped placard stands out as the universally recognized standard for hazardous cargo transport, making it the correct answer.